Power-transmission system.



G. 0. PEARSON.

POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM,

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1908. 1,055,553. Patented Mar.11,1913..

6 SHEETS-S ET 1.

WITNESSES:

ATTORN EY 0. 0. PEARSON. POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1908.

1,055,553. ..-Pa tentedMar.11,1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

G. O. PEARSON.

POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM.

5 SHEETS-SHEET s.

Patented Mar. 11, 1913.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, 190B.

WITNESSES:

O. 0. PEARSON.

POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM.

' -APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. 12

Patented Mar. 11, 1913 5 SEEETSSHEET 4.

IIIII INVENTOR M ATTORNEY wi E 0. PEARSON. POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1908.

v Patented Mar. 11, 1913.

CHARLES o. PEARSON, or N W YORK, NY.

rownn-rnnlvsmrssron SYSTEM.

To all whom it may concern: A

Be it known that I, CHARLES O. PEARSON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, in the city and State of New York, United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power-Transmission Systems, of which the following is a specification.

y. invention relates to a power transmission mechanism whereby the power generated by a prime mover may be transmit-ted to a driven member .at any desired speed or in opposite directions in a simple and efficient manner;

By means of my invention the motor or prime mover may have a rotation in one direction at a substantially constant rate of speed, and the driven member may be connected therewith in such a way that it may be driven in either direction and its rate of ment of the driven rotation varied from zero to a mum with a uniform change of rate, not cut up into a series of steps, and manually controlled to a great nicety.

More especially, the object of this invention is to supply the need of a suitable mechanism whereby the power generated by an internal combustion engine may be transmitted to a mechanism driven by the engine, such, forexample, as a truck or an automobile, in such a manner that nearly all .the power generated by the engine may be utilized in the driven member regardless of the speed at which such member is driven, and to give a positive and easily manipulated control over the speed and direction of movemember.

These and further objects of my invention will appear in the following specification in which I will describe the construction and operation of certain apparatus which I have chosen as an illustration of the invention, and the novel features of which will be setforth in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an automobile truck-with my invention applied thereto, a part of the truck and some of its associated partsbeing shown in section. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a gasolene motor, together with a con- .nected p'umping apparatus and an associated liquid or.fluid motor mechanism, together Specification of, Letters Patent. Application filed September 12, 1908.

desired maxi- Patented Mar. 11, 1913. serial-No. 452,756.

with a part of the controlling device, which devices are combined in a Some of the parts in this figure are broken away to more clearly show the construction, and some of the parts are shown in section. In Fig. 3 I have shown a plan View of the parts which are illustrated in Fig. 2,

with some parts broken awayand others shown in section. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a carbureter with its throttle valveshown in section, togetherwith a centrifugal governor mechanism for controlling the throttle '65 valve. Fig. 5 is a sectional end elevation of a part of the speed control mechanism, the

view being taken from the front of the truck shown in Fig. l on the line 55 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a sectional end elevation taken from the opposite end ofthe truck on the line' 6-6 of Fig. 3, and showing the parts which are shown in Fig. 5, together with the casing of the pumping apparatus upon which these parts are supported. tional side elevation of a clutch mechanism which I use in connection with the controlling device. tion of the clutch, the section being taken on the line 8-8 of Fig.7. Fig. 9 is a sectional side elevation of the steering wheel and speed control lever. A sec-tional plan view of this art of the apparatus taken on the line W of Fig. 9 is shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 11 is section, of an adjustable eccentric device which is shown more fully in Figs. 12 and 13. This Fig. vl2 is an end elevation of the pumping apparatus, in section, together with its driving and anisms. Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the same parts with only one of the pumpcylinders shown and that drawn in section. Fig. 14 is a sectional side elevation of are lief valve for the elevation, and Fig. 16is a sectional end elevation of a fluid pressure motor which I use in transmitting the power of the prime mover to the driven member.

sectional side elevation of the and the reversing valves of this motor with their ports connected. in one manner. Fig. 18 is a similar view of the same parts with the reversing valve moved to connect the ports differently. three sec-tional end views of the valves are Fig. 17 is a novel .manner. 55

Fig. 7 is a sec- 75 Fig. 8 is a sectionalend elevaa side. elevation, partly .in

adjusting mechpump. Fig. 1 5 is an end controlling In Figs. 19, 20and '21 shown, the sections being taken, respectively, on the lines X-X, Y-Y, and Z-Z of Fig. 17. v

Like characters of reference .designate corresponding parts in all ofthe figures.

designates a truck upon which the various parts of the apparatus are mounted. 11 are its forward wheels which may be guided by means of a steering wheel 12 and any desired connecting mechanism. 13 are its rear wheels which are mounted upon a journal 14 which is driven together with the wheels 13 by a transmission shaft 16 and suitable gearing 17. g I I 18 is a brake \for the journal and the wheels 13, which is arranged to be applied by a treadle 19 with which it is connected by various parts which are shown in Fig. 1 of thedrawings, but which I have not described as it is not a part of this, invention. 20 designates a prime mover which, in this case, is shown as a four-cylinder fourvcycle gasolene engine. 21 is its inlet or supply pipe, and 22 its exhaust which maybe led through a mufiler 23 and off through pipe 24.

25 is a carbureterwhich is supplied from a gasolene tank 26 through a pipe 27 28 is an auxiliary gasolene supply tank from which gasolene may be forced through pipe 28 into tank 26 by means of pressureobtained from the exhaust. v

29 is the shaft of the engine 20.

30 is a throttle valve for regulating the speed of the engine. This comprises a plunger 31, pressed downward into open position by a compression spring 32. On the lower end of plunger 31 is an antifriction roller 33 which rests upon a slidable cam' mem-- ber 34. I r 7 35 is a centrifugal governor which is arranged to be driven by the engine by means i of a gear 36 which is in mesh with another gear on the engine shaft. The governor is.

so arranged that when the engineltends .to

exceed its normal speed, it will automati-v cally move the slidable ,cam 34 forward toclose or partly close the throttle valve and thereby maintain the engine at a practicallyconstant rate of speed.

'37 is a fan driven by a belt 38 running over grooved pulleys 39 on the engine shaft. This will create an air circulation about the engine for the purpose of preventing over? heating of its parts. In addition to this the engine may beprovided with a' water jacket and a circulation pump 40.

'41 is a pipe leading from the pump to.

the water jacket, and 42 is a discharge pipe from the water .jacket to the cooling radia tor 43 which is connected by a pipe 44 back to the intake of the pump. 45 is a starting crank for the en ine.

At 46 a spark timr orcircuit 'reaker is messes shown. This is driven by the engine shaft through a vertical shaft 47 and is connected with a battery 48 and with the spark plugs 49 of the engine in the usual manner.

50 is thepump actuating shaft which is directly coupled with-and is a continuation of the engine shaft 29. 51 is a casing which surrounds the pumping apparatus and supports certain parts thereof. The lower. part of this casing forms a reservoir 52 for oil or other suitable fluid, and is closed at the bottom by a part which forms a pressure tank53.

\ 54 designates one of the pump cylinders.

Four of these are shown as this is a preferred number, but I do not wish to limit myself in any way to this or any other number of cylinders. Their driving eccentrics are equally spaced about the shaft 50 so as to cause'the pump to have as steady a discharge as practicable. As these pump cylinders and their associated parts are substantially alike in construction I will de scribe these parts in conjunction with but one of them.

55 is an outlet valve between the reservoir 52 and the bottom of this cylinder.

56 is an outlet valve between the bottom of the cylinder and the pressure tank 53.

5:7 is a piston, and 57 is its piston rod which 1s vertically guided in a bearing 58.

or is constructed to form a slidable crosshead block 59. This slidable cross-head block is fitted into a groove within a segmental adjusting'member 60 whichis supported upon and actuated'by the shaft 50 in a peculiar manner. One of its ends isconnected by a rod 61 witha collar 62 which is concentrically disposed uponthe shaft. Its other end is connected with a collar 64 by a rod 63, which collar is eccentrically mounted upon shaft 50. When the parts are in the positions in which they are shown in Fig. 12 the member GO will be reciprocated from itsposition shown in full lines to that indicated by the dotted lines by the eccentric 64', but no movement-will be imparted to the piston 57. When the segmental ad-- justing member is rotated about the shaft 50'th1s reciprocatory movement is imparted The upper end of this rod is connected with to the piston 57 in an increasing amount un- 'tilthe'full stroke of-the eccentric 64 is appliedto the piston, whichwill be the case when the rod 63 is directly above the piston rod 57*. The length of the piston stroke may therefore be varied anydesired amount from zero to the eccentricity of the collar 64.

65 is a regulatingshaft which is cut up into sections and upon which'are a series of disks 66. These disks are joined together by pins 67, each of which is connected by a link 68 withone of the segmental adjust- I,

ing members 60.

69-is a bevel ear upon one end of shaft 65, by means 0 which it may be rotated. It maybe'seen that the positions of all of the members 60, and consequently thelength of stroke of the pump pistons may be varied at will by rotating the shaft 65.

70 is a bevel gear meshing with and aflixed to the end of a shaft'71. bevel gear on the other end of shaft 71, and this is in mesh with another bevel the end of a sleeve 74 which surrounds the steering gear sha On the upper end of sleeve 74 a hand lever 75 is affixed by means of which the rotation various adjusting means it controls and actuates may be readily manipulated. These parts are shown in Figs. 1, 9- and 10, and it will later appear that by the simple movement of the hand leier 75 the speed of the driven member may be controlled. 011 the rear end of shaft 65 a pair of cam members 76 and 77 are affixed. i

78 is a bell crank lever one end of which is provided with an antifriction roller which 72 is a coacts with the cam member 76 to be moved:

65. The other end of this bell crank lever is in engagement with and is arranged to actuate it and the clutch which it controls. 79 is another bell crank lever similarly connectingthe cam member 77 and a slidable collar 89. The actuating grooves in these cams are so proportioned and arranged that the cam 77 will cause the driving member 80 to be connected with the shaft of a motor 90 during this part of the rotation of the regulating shaft 65, which causes the pump stroke to be increased, but to disconnect it from this shaft when the speed of the motor shaft has been brought up to that of the engine. The groove in cam 76 is concentric through that portion'of it which corresponds with the rotation of shaft 65 above described, but is arranged to cause the driving member to be connected with thepump shaft 50 at the time it is disconnected from the motor shaft 9'1.-

80 designates the driving member which is mounted upon the pump actuating shaft 50 and the motor shaft 91. The central portion of this driving member is constructed in the form of a sprocket-wheel. 81 is a sprocketwheel upon the transmission shaft 16, and 82 a sprocket-chain running over these two sprocket-wheels and connecting them together. The forward and rear parts of the driving member are constructed to form housings 83 and 84, respectively.

85 is a clutch member connected to the shaft 50 and arranged to be expanded into engagement with the housing 83 by means of a slidable collar 86 upon the shaft 50, and connecting mechanism 87 to lock the pump actuating shaft and the driving member 80 gear 69 gear 73 on form a crank from of the shaft 65 and the a slidable collar 86.

member keyedto the motor shaft 91 and ar ranged to be brought into engagement with the housing 84 by the slidable collar 89 to lockthe motor shaft and the drivng member together.

The motor 90 comprises three cylinders set 120 apart about the axis of its shaft 91. These cylinders and their associated parts are similar so that but one of them need be described. The shaft 91 is constructed to which the crank-pin 92 projects. 93 is'one of connected with the pin 91 by a connecting rod 94. 94 is a collar surrounding the ends of this and the other piston rods and preventing them from being pulled away from the pin 92 by back pressure. 95 is a port leading to and from the head of the cylinder to the controlling valve through a passage 96. The crank-pin 92 is extended into a. ro-

-t-ary controlling valve member which controls theconnections between a pressure supply pipe 101 and an exhaust return pipe 102 to and from all three of these-cylinders. When the parts are in Figs. 17 and 21, fiuidpressure is being led into the top of the upper cylinder and out from bot-h of the-two lower cylinders. When the piston within the upper cylinder reaches the lower end of its stroke, the rotary valve will be moved into such a position as to connect its port 95 with. the exhaust, and that of one of the other cylinders with the supply pipe. This "alve and its ports are not arranged to allow for expansion as the device as shown is designed to be run with a nonexpansible liquid such as oil. The changes necessary to adapt this motor tobe driven by compressed air or other expansible fluid can readily be made by anyoneskilled in the art.' I prefer to use a thin lubricating oil as this will work smoothly as a wear.

103 isa slide-valve which is arranged to reverse the connections of the supply and exhaust pipes relative to the various ports to which they are connected by the rotary valve 100. This may be done by means of a valve rod 104 which, through the mechanical connections shown, in which the rods 105 and 106 are included, is arranged to be manuallv controlled by a lever 107. From Fig. 17 the manner in which this reverse is accomplished may be seen. When the parts are in the positions here shown, the inlet pipe is connected with a port designated by 108 and the passage 96, while the port 109 is connected with the exhaust pipe 102. But if the slide valve 103 is pushed forward as far the pistons which isthe positions shown in 1 driving fluid and will keep the parts clean and free from as it will go, it may be seen that this relation is reversed and that the port 108 and the trolling or operating shaft position that the engine shaft 29 W11]. be

- amount. the pump pistons passage 96 will now be connected with the exhaust pipe 102 while the port. 109 is connected,with the supply inlet.

The above described arrangement of cylinders and valves is chosen for the purpose of illustrating the manner of carrying out my invention, for by it there will be no dead center and there will always 'be' a thrust upon of its travel so that a nearly uniform torque upon motor shaft 91 may be obtained even when the latter is being driven at a slow speed.

The engine is started when the con- 65 is in such a v the liquid from the reservoir 52 and force it out into the tank 53 under pressure' This tank is always connected with the ports of motor 90 through supply pipe 101 so that the small amount of liqnidpumped will be forced into the cylinders of the motorand will cause the latter to drive its shaft 91, and through --it, the driving, member 80, sprocket-chain 82, transmission shaft 16, and the truck slowly in one direction. The pipe 102 is provided for the purpose of leading the ,fluid back-to the reservoin. No matter how slowly the truck is driven, the torque on the transmission shaft will be practically constant and the full ower of the engine will be'available for driving thev truck. Thus in climbing hills, 2. load, limited only by the strength of the truck, may be moved. Moreover, in crowded city streets this control is of great advantage as the truck may be stopped by merely returning the speed control lever to its original posi-' tion, or may be advanced or backed a few inches only if desired without any jumps or strains.

The speed at which the truck is driven may be increased steadily at will by.th'e simple manipulation of the speed-control lever which will increase the length of the pump-stroke and will therefore deliver a greater quantity of the pumped fluid to the motor 90. The, maximum speed of the motor 90 may be equal to the speed of the engine 20, so that when the operating or controlling shaft has been moved over to obtain the full piston-stroke within the pumping apparatus, and thereby giving full the crank-pin 92 at all parts speed to the motor, the motor shaft 91 will be brought, up to sufficient speed to rotate in unison with the engine shaft 29. When these conditions are obtained the cam members 76 and 77 will have been rotated into I such positions that they will then disconnect the driving member 80 from the motor shaft 91, and lock it directly to the pump shaft 50 by means of the clutches which I have described, so that the engine will directly drive the truck. -The grooves in cams '76 and 77 are so set that the cam 76 will cause the clutch 83 to be applied at the same time the cam '77 causes the release of clutch 84, so that there will be no slipping during this part of the operation. 1

The cams are so constructed that they actuate the clutches only when the two shafts are running at practically the same rate of speed. Consequently, clutches are not subjected to the wear which the usual speed-changing clutches undergo. Ob-

viously, the operator should not actuate these clutches. when the motor shaft is running in the reverse direction to that of the engine 'shaft, and if desired, the parts may be-so arranged that he cannot operate them under such conditions. Further movement of shaft 65 will move the link mechanism back again until the pump pistons'come to rest. Consequently the pump will cease to operate, the fluid circulation will stop, and the 'motor will remain inactive while the driven mechanism is being driven directlv by the engine. The rotation of the contro ling shaft 65 is divided up to produce four operations. First, the eccentric link mechanism above described will be shifted toincrease the stroke of the pump pistons; second, the clutch member 88 will be disengaged from the housing 84 third, the clutch member 85'wi1l be moved into engagement with housing 83, and fourth, the link mecha nism will be shifted back to gradually bring the pump pistons to rest. These operations may, of course, be' reversed, and may all take place while the parts are in motion.

I have shown in Fig. 14 a port or passage leading from the pressure tank 53 and the reservoir 52. This portis normally closed by a check-valve 111 which is pressed downward upon its seat by a compression spring 112.. 113 is a plug against which this spring presses. A stem 114, which is threaded on its lower end, projects down through the casing and is provided with-units 115 by means of which the spring and the check-valve may be adjusted. This arrangement acts as a safety valve, for in case the pressure in tank 53 becomes excessive, it will lift the checlcvalve and allow the fluid to pass up into the reservoir 52.

By means of the arrangement here described the engine may be run at a praclimit of. power supplied by under varying conditions.

. speed, and that this speed the engine will permit.

of the load and the speed at which it is' tically constant speed automatically maintained. regardless of the load which is put upon it. Consequently, the gasolene adjustment may be made to give the best e-fliciency, and this will insure freedom from the smoke and noxious gases emitted from engines of this type which do not burn their gases when their speed is variedin the manner heretofore necessary to drive" an automobile The motor 90 may be-used as a brake in descending hills, and the speed of the truck perfectly controlled under theseconditions. The full power of the engine running at its most eflicient speed is always available for moving the truck at any speed up to the full power capacity of the. engine. That means that almost any load may be driven at some may be as high as theweight of the load and the power of When the weight moved do not require the engine, the governor will down the fuel supply and thus decrease the running expense. The governor is the element which controls the amount of power developed by the engine, and the manually actuated device controlsonly the speed and full power of the automatically cut the direction at which thedriven member is driven.

The control of this apparatus is not only simple, but it will prolong the life of the engine and the truck, for the driver can not even if he will-put any undue or sudden strains upon the parts.

The novel combinations which I have invented may be. made with other forms of motive power than gasolene engines. The specific form of pumping apparatus which is, herein illustrated is not necessary; other types of fluid pressure motors may be substituted for the kind described, and the combmation used to drive other kind of loads than automobiles.

In other words, the invention is capable of wide variations in construction, and the combination is applicable to a wide field in the mechanical arts.

One of the advantages of this system is that the back pressure upon the motor pistons due to the load it is. driving may be balanced by manual adjustments and just enough extra pressuresupplied to them to overcome the resistance ofthe'load and'to drive the load this speed may the engine. When the load free as all the other parts of the apparatus are cut out'of operation.

What I' claim is:- V 1., A prime mover, a indirectly actuated th fluid pressure means fluid pressure motor .the pumping apparatus,

rate of speed, a

at desired speed. Moreover be' increased at -will up ,totheis at rest, the engine will run when saidshafts the motor at a driven member, and

power of the prime mover to different speeds,

.means for connecting the driven member to the fluid pressure motor, and for disconnecting it therefrom and connecting it with the prime mover only when the speed of said motor is brought up to that of the prime mover.

2. A prime mover, a pumping apparatus driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor, means for regulating the pumping apparatus to thereby vary the speed of said motor, a driven member, means for connecting the driven member to the motor and for disconnecting it therefrom and connecting it with the prime mover only when the speed ofthe motor is'brought up to that of the prime mover.

ing apparatus driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor driven by the pumping apparatus, means for regulating the pumping speed of the motor from zero to that of the a driven member,

7 means for connecting the driven member to the motor, and for disprime mover arranged to run at a substantially constant rate of speed, a. pumpprime mover,

connecting it therefrom and connecting it with the .prime mover only when the speed of-the motor is brought up to that-of the prime mover. v

4. A'prime mover having a shaft arranged to rotate at a substantially constant rate of thereby, a fluid pressure motor driven by said'motor having a shaft, means for regulating the pumping apparatus to vary the speed of the motor shaft, a driven member, means for connecting thedriven member with the motor shaft, and for disconnecting it therefrom and connecting it with the prime mover shaft only whenthe speed of the motor shaft is brought to that of the prime mover shaft.

5. A prime mover having a shaft arranged to rotate at a substantially constant pumplng apparatus driven speed, a pumping apparatus driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor having a said motor being driven by the pumping apparatus, means for regulating'the pumping apparatus to thereby vary the speed of the motor from zero to that of the prime mover, a driven member loosely mounted upon both of said shafts, means for connecting and disconnecting said driven member with and from either of said shafts, and means for changing said connection are running at the same rate of speed.

6. A prime mover havingashaft arranged to rotate at a substantially constant rate'of speed, a'pumping apparatus driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor having a shaft in v alinement with the shaft of the prime mover, said motor being driven by the pumping apparatus, means for regulating the pumping apparatus to thereby vary-the speed of the motor from zero to that of the 'prime mover, a driven member loosely mounted upon both of said shafts, means for connecting and disconnecting said driven member with and from either of said shafts, and a controlling shaft arranged to actuate the pump regulating means and to change the connections between the driven member and said shafts.

7. A prime mover having a shaft arranged to rotate at a substantially constant rate of speed, a pumping apparatus driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor having a shaft in alinement with the shaft of the prime mover, said motor being driven by the pumping apparatus, a controlling device for regulating the pumping apparatus to thereby vary the speed of the motor from zero to that of the prime movem a driven member loosely mounted upon both of said shafts, a clutch mechanism arranged to connect and'discon nect said driven member with and from either of said shafts, said clutch mechanism being actuated by the controlling device to change said connection when said shafts are running at-practically the same speed.

8. A prime mover arranged to run at 'a substantially constant rate of speed, a pumping apparatus driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor driven by the pumping apparatus, at different rates of speed, mechanism driven by said motor, a clutch mechanism arranged to connect said mechanism with the motor while the motor is running slower than the prime mover, and to disconnect said mechanism from the motor and to connect'the mechanism'with the prime mover when the motor has reached the speed of the prime mover, and a single manuallyoperated shaft for regulating the pumping apparatus to vary the speed of the motor, and for actuating the clutch mechanism.

9; A--prime mover arranged to run at a substantially constant rate of speed, a fluid supply, a pumpin apparatus arranged to circulate said fiui a motor driven by the circulation of said fluid at different speeds,

a mechanism driven by the motor whensaid motor is running at slower speeds than that of the prime mover, controlling means for regulating the pumping apparatus to vary the circulation of the fluid to vary'the speed of the motor, a clutch mechanism for directly connecting the driven mechanism with the prime mover when the speed of the driven member reaches that of the prime mover, and a single manually operated.

shaft for actuating the controlling means and the clutch mechanism.

'10. A prime mover, a pumping apparatus ber,

driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor driven by the pumping apparatus, means for regulating the pumping apparatus to thereby vary the speed of said motor, a driven memmeans for connecting'the driven member to the motor, and for disconnecting it therefrom and connecting it with the prime mover when the speed of the motor is brought up to that of the prime mover, said pump regulating means being arranged to cause the pumping apparatus to cease driving the motor after the driven member has been connected with the prime mover.

11. A prime mover, arranged to run at a substantially constant rate of speed, a fluid supply, a pumping apparatus driven by the prime mover and arranged to circulate said fluid, a motor driven by the circulation of said fluid at driven by the motor when said motor is running at slower speeds than that of the prime mover, a controlling device for regulating the pumping apparatus to vary the circulation of the fluid to vary thespeed of the motor without changing the speed of the pumping apparatus, a clutch mechanism for directly connecting the driven member with the prime mover when the speed of the driven memberv reaches that of the prime ranged to stop the circulation of the fluid different speeds, a mechanism after the drivenv mechanism has been 0011- nected with the prime mover, and manual means for actuating the controllingdevice and the clutch mechanism.

12. A prime mover having a shaft arranged to run at a substantially constant rate of speed; a fluid supply, a pumping apparatus driven by the prime mover and arranged to circulate said fluid, a motor driven by the circulation of said fluid at difl'erent speeds, said motor having a shaft in alinement with the shaft Of theprime mover, a mechanism loosely mounted upon both of said shafts and arranged to be driven by the motorwhen said motor is running at slower speeds than that of the prime mover, a controlling device for regulating the pumping apparatus to vary the circulation of the fluid to vary the speed of the motor, without changing its power, a clutch mechanism arranged to connect and disconnectthe driven mechanism with and from' either of said shafts, said clutch mechanism being actuated by the controlling device and arranged to change the connection of the driven member from one to the other of the shafts when 2 the prime mover, and a hand lever for actu-.

ating the controlling device and the clutch mechanism. 7

said shafts are running atthe, same speed,

by said fluid and, said pump -under mechanism slower speeds than that of the to circulate saidfluid at different pressures,

a-fluid pressure motorarranged to be driven to be started slowly by high pressure and to be driven at increasing speeds under correspondingly decreasing pressures, a driven arranged to be connected with when said motor is running at engine, means driven mechathe motor.

for directly connecting said nism wit-h the englne when the speed of the motor'has reached that of the'engine, and means for rendering the pump inoperative when the motor is not rumiingand when said driven mechanism is connected with the engine. r

14. A prime mover having a shaft arranged to rotate at a substantially constant rate of speed, agreciprocatory power pump driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor comprising a shaft and a plurality of radially disposed cylinders arranged to produce a driving torque throughout all parts of each of its revolutions, said motorbeing driven by the pump, means for regulating the pump to vary the speed of the motor without changing its power, a driven mechanism, a

. clutch arranged to connect and disconnect said mechanism toand'from the motor shaft,

a clutch arranged to connectand disconnect said mechanism to and from the engine shaft, and means for actuating said clutches when said shafts are running at substantially the same speed.

'15. An automobile, a prime mover, a fluid pressure motor, a power pump. driven by the prime mover, means for regulating the power pump to thereby vary the speed of said motor, a clutch 'mechanism for connecting the automobile with the-motor and for disconnecting it therefrom and connecting itwith the prime mover only when the speed'of the motor is brought up to that of, the prime mover.

16. An automobile, a prime mover having a shaft arranged to rotate at a substantially constant rate of speed, a power pump driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor having a shaft an ahnement with the shaft of the engine, sa d motor being driven by thepower pump,

means for regulating the power pump while i in mot-ion to thereby vary the speed of the motor from zero to that of the engine, means for connecting and disconnecting said automobile with and from either of said shafts, and means for changing said connection only when ."said shafts are running at subs antially the same rate of speed. 17. An automobile,- a prime mover arranged to run 'at a substantially constant v a power pump, a motor driven by the circulationof said fluid atdilferent speeds, said automobile being driven by the motor when the motor is running at slower speeds than that of the prime mover, ontrolling means for regulating the power pump to vary the circulation of the fluid to vary the speed -of the motor, a clutch for directly connecting the automobile with the speed of the motor reaches a point corresponding with that of the prime mover, and a single manually operated shaft for actuating the controlling means and the clutch.

rate of speed, a fluid supply,

prime mover when the 18. An automobile, a prime mover, a fluid pressure motor, a

power pump driven by the prime mover,

means for regulating the power pump tothereby vary the speed of the motor, a clutch mechanism for conne'cting the automobile with the motor,

and for: disconnecting it therefrom and connecting it,

with the prime mover, and a single manually operated shaft for actuating the pump regulating means and the lutch mechanism.

19. An automobile, adriving mechanism nism being arranged to vary the flow of fluid from the -pumpmg apparatus, a fluid pressure motor arranged to be driven by said fluid at diflerent ratesof speed, a pair of clutches arranged to connect the automobile driving mechanism with the-motor,'or with the prime mover, and a single manually operated shaft for actuating said link mechanism and the clutches. a

20. An automobile, a driving mechanism therefor,a prime mover having'a shaft arranged to run ata substantially constant rate of speed, a fluid supply, a power pump driven by the prime mover; said pump com: prising a plurality of cylinders, a piston within each cylinder, eccentric link mechanism connecting said prime mover shaft with each of said pistons, said eccentric mechanisms being equally spacedabout the l shaft and arranged. to vary the length of the strokes of said pistons while the'engme is runnlng, a reversible fluid pressure motor compris ing a rotary valve and a plurality of "radially disposed cylinders arranged to produoea driving torque throughout all parts of each of its ,revolutions,"'said motor being driven by the fluid supply, means for regulating the link mechanisms so that fluid may be deliveredto the motor at different rates and at inversely proportionalpressures to thereby vary the speed of the-motor, .a :pair of clutches arranged to connect the automobile driving mechanism-with "the motor or with theprime mover, and a single manually operated shaft for actuating the link mechanisms and the clutches.

21. The combination with a prime mover,

of pumping mechanism connected thereto, a fluid motor associated with the pumping mechanism, -mechanism connected to the motor to be driven thereby, means for connecting the prime mover either to said mo- 10 tor or directly to said mechanism, and

'25 connect it directly to the prime mover.

23.'An internal combustion engine, an

., automobile driven thereby, a steering wheel,

a fluid pressure power transmission device arranged to vary the speed of the automo- 'bile, aspeed control lever associated with the steering wheel by means of which said transmission device may be regulated tovary the speed of the automobile from zero to a maximum corresponding with that of the engine, and means operated .by said speed control lever for connecting the engine to drive the, automobile independently of fluid pressure. j

. 24. The combination of a prime mover, a 40 fluid'pressure motor actuated thereby, in-

termediate fluid pressuremeans for trans' mlttlng the power of the prime mover tov the motor at difler'ent speeds, a driven memher, and mechanism .for connecting the driven member to the fluid, pressure motor and for disconnecting it therefrom and connecting it with the prime mover without 1 substantiallyrhanging the speed of the dr ven member, and means for operating 501 said mechanism dependent upon a predetermined speed .of the fluid pressure motor relative to the speed of the said intermediate means. Z

25. The combination w'th a prime mover,

of a pumping apparatus. driven thereby, a

motor operated by fluid pressure supplied "by the pumping apparatus, means for regulating the pumping apparatusto vary the speed of the motor, a-driven member, and means for connecting the driven member to the motor and for disconnecting it there-- from and connecting it; with theprime mover when the motor hasbrought the speed of the driven member to substantially 22. The combination with a prime mover,

the speed maintained by its connection with the prime mover.

26. The combination with the prime mover, arranged to run at a substantially constant speed, pumping apparatus driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor driven by the pumping1 apparatus at diflerent speeds relative to t e speed ofthepumping apparatus, mechanism driven by the motor, means for connectin the prime mover W en the speed of said mechanism has been brought up to sub-. stantially that produced by its connection with the prime mover, and a single device for controlling and effecting the variations I in the speed of the motor and eflecting the operation of said connecting means.

27. The combination with a prime mover, of a driven element, fluid power transmission mechanism for driving said element from the prime mover, means for regulating said mechanism to vary the speed of the driven element, and mechanism governed by said regulating means for cutting 011' the fluid power from said element and connecting the latter to be mechanically driven by theprime mover when the speed of said element is substantially that due to its mechanical connection to the'prime mover.

28. The combination with an automobile, of a'prime mover, a fluid power transmission mechanism forming a driving connection between the prime mover and the driving axle of the automobile, means for regulating s'aid'mechanism to vary the relative speed of the driving axle and prime mover, and mechanism dependent for operation upon a predetermined condition of said regulating means for connecting the driving axle to the prime mover for operation independentlyof fluid power when the relative speed of the axle and prime mover is substantially that due to said last named connection.

29. The combination with a prime mover, of pumping apparatus driven thereby, a fluid pressure motor driven by the pumping apparatus, means for regulating the pumping apparatus to thereby vary the speed of said motor, a driven member, means for connecting the driven member to the motor and for disconnecting it therefrom and connecting it with the primemover when the speed of the driven member is brought up to substantially that maintained by such connection with the prime mover, said pump regulating means being arranged to cause the pumping apparatus to cease driving the said mechanism with motor after the driven member has been 4 connected with the prime mover.

30. The combination with an automobile, of an internal combustion engine, a power pump driven thereby, a motor actuated bypower supplied by the pump, means for regulating the power pump to thereby vary the speed of said motor, a clutch connecting the automobile to the motor and for disconthat due to its connection with the engine,

and mechanism for operating said clutch and dependent for operation upon the mo-.

'tor being brought to a speed corresponding 10 to that of the pump.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES O. PEARSON. t Witnesses: p

ELLA TUoH, 'AsA L. CARTER. 

